The Solutrean technocomplex, dated to approximately 22,000–17,000 BP, was geographically restricted to South-West Europe, particularly present-day France, Spain, and Portugal. It is distinguished by highly refined lithic technologies, especially the manufacture of laurel-leaf and bifacial points using advanced pressure flaking techniques. The Solutrean appears to represent a cultural adaptation to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), with site evidence suggesting intensive exploitation of local resources. Unlike the preceding Gravettian, Venus figurines are rare within Solutrean contexts, though occasional symbolic objects do appear. The Venus of El Pendo in Spain is sometimes tentatively associated with this period, though its attribution remains debated and may represent residual or intrusive elements from earlier or later periods (Straus, 1995; Zilhão, 2007).
